Tsis ntev los no, Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Siv Physics ntawm Lavxias Academy of Sciences tau qhia txog eXawatt Center for Extreme Light Study (XCELS), ib qho kev tshawb fawb rau cov khoom siv loj uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob heev.cov lasers muaj zog heevQhov project no suav nrog kev tsim kho ntawm ib qho chaw zoo heevlaser zog siabraws li kev siv tshuab optical parametric chirped pulse amplification hauv cov siv lead ua qhov loj potassium dideuterium phosphate (DKDP, tshuaj formula KD2PO4) uas muaj qhov loj me, nrog rau tag nrho cov zis ntawm 600 PW peak power pulses. Cov haujlwm no muab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov kev tshawb pom txog XCELS project thiab nws cov laser systems, piav qhia txog cov ntawv thov thiab cov kev cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab heev.
Qhov kev pab cuam XCELS tau tsim tsa xyoo 2011 nrog lub hom phiaj thawj zaug ntawm kev ua tiav lub zog siab tshaj plawslaserlub zog tso zis ntawm 200 PW, uas tam sim no tau hloov kho mus rau 600 PW. Nwslub tshuab laservam khom peb lub thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb:
(1) Siv cov thev naus laus zis Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification (OPCPA) es tsis txhob siv cov thev naus laus zis Chirped Pulse Amplification (Chirped Pulse Amplification, OPCPA). CPA);
(2) Siv DKDP ua qhov nruab nrab nce, ultra wideband theem sib phim tau pom ze ntawm 910 nm wavelength;
(3) Lub qhov loj neodymium iav laser nrog lub zog pulse ntawm ntau txhiab joules yog siv los twj lub parametric amplifier.
Kev sib phim theem ultra-wideband pom dav hauv ntau lub siv lead ua thiab siv rau hauv OPCPA femtosecond lasers. DKDP siv lead ua vim tias lawv yog tib yam khoom siv pom hauv kev xyaum uas tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau kaum tawm centimeters ntawm qhov qhib thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj cov yam ntxwv pom tseeb los txhawb kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm ntau lub zog PW.cov lasersNws pom tau tias thaum lub DKDP siv lead ua los ntawm lub teeb ob zaug ntawm ND iav laser, yog tias qhov wavelength ntawm lub amplified pulse yog 910 nm, thawj peb nqe lus ntawm Taylor nthuav dav ntawm lub vector vector mismatch yog 0.
Daim Duab 1 yog daim duab qhia txog lub tshuab XCELS laser. Lub hauv ntej kawg tsim cov chirped femtosecond pulses nrog lub wavelength nruab nrab ntawm 910 nm (1.3 hauv Daim Duab 1) thiab 1054 nm nanosecond pulses txhaj rau hauv OPCPA pumped laser (1.1 thiab 1.2 hauv Daim Duab 1). Lub hauv ntej kawg kuj ua kom muaj kev sib dhos ntawm cov pulses no nrog rau lub zog thiab qhov chaw xav tau. Ib qho OPCPA nruab nrab ua haujlwm ntawm qhov rov ua dua siab dua (1 Hz) ua kom lub chirped pulse loj dua mus rau kaum tawm joules (2 hauv Daim Duab 1). Lub pulse ntxiv tau ua kom loj dua los ntawm Booster OPCPA mus rau hauv ib lub kilojoule beam thiab faib ua 12 lub sub-beams zoo sib xws (4 hauv Daim Duab 1). Hauv 12 OPCPA kawg, txhua lub 12 lub teeb chirped pulses raug ua kom loj dua mus rau qib kilojoule (5 hauv Daim Duab 1) thiab tom qab ntawd compressed los ntawm 12 compression gratings (GC ntawm 6 hauv Daim Duab 1). Lub lim dej acousto-optic programmable dispersion siv rau pem hauv ntej kom tswj tau qhov ceev ntawm pawg thiab qhov kev faib tawm siab, kom tau qhov dav ntawm lub zog me tshaj plaws. Lub spectrum pulse muaj cov duab zoo li 12th-order supergauss, thiab spectral bandwidth ntawm 1% ntawm tus nqi siab tshaj plaws yog 150 nm, sib raug rau Fourier transform limit pulse width ntawm 17 fs. Xav txog qhov kev them nyiaj dispersion tsis tiav thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm kev them nyiaj theem nonlinear hauv cov amplifiers parametric, qhov dav ntawm lub zog xav tau yog 20 fs.
Lub XCELS laser yuav siv ob lub 8-channel UFL-2M neodymium iav laser zaus ob npaug modules (3 hauv Daim Duab 1), uas 13 channels yuav siv los twj Booster OPCPA thiab 12 kawg OPCPA. Peb channels seem yuav siv ua ywj pheej nanosecond kilojoule pulsed.cov chaw laserrau lwm yam kev sim. Txwv los ntawm qhov kev tawg ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm DKDP crystals, qhov kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog pumped yog teem rau 1.5 GW / cm2 rau txhua txoj kev thiab lub sijhawm yog 3.5 ns.
Txhua txoj kab ntawm XCELS laser tsim cov pulses nrog lub zog ntawm 50 PW. Tag nrho ntawm 12 txoj kab muab tag nrho cov zis zog ntawm 600 PW. Hauv lub chamber lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsom mus rau txhua txoj kab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo tagnrho yog 0.44 × 1025 W / cm2, xav tias F / 1 focusing elements siv rau kev tsom mus rau. Yog tias lub pulse ntawm txhua txoj kab raug compressed ntxiv rau 2.6 fs los ntawm kev siv post-compression, lub zog tso zis pulse sib xws yuav raug nce mus rau 230 PW, sib xws rau lub teeb zog ntawm 2.0 × 1025 W / cm2.
Yuav kom ua tiav qhov kaj ci ntsa iab dua, ntawm 600 PW tso zis, lub teeb pulses hauv 12 channel yuav raug tsom mus rau hauv geometry ntawm inverse dipole radiation, raws li pom hauv Daim Duab 2. Thaum lub sijhawm pulse hauv txhua channel tsis raug xauv, qhov kev tsom mus rau qhov kaj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 9 × 1025 W / cm2. Yog tias txhua lub sijhawm pulse raug xauv thiab sib dhos, qhov sib xws ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab yuav raug nce mus rau 3.2 × 1026 W / cm2. Ntxiv rau chav tsev tseem ceeb, XCELS project suav nrog txog li 10 lub chaw kuaj mob siv, txhua tus tau txais ib lossis ntau lub teeb rau kev sim. Siv lub tshav pob teeb ci muaj zog heev no, XCELS project npaj yuav ua cov kev sim hauv plaub pawg: cov txheej txheem quantum electrodynamics hauv cov tshav pob laser muaj zog; Kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua kom nrawm ntawm cov khoom me me; Kev tsim cov hluav taws xob electromagnetic theem ob; Chaw kuaj mob astrophysics, cov txheej txheem ceev ceev ntawm lub zog thiab kev tshawb fawb kuaj mob.
DUAB 2 Qhov geometry tsom mus rau hauv lub chamber tseem ceeb. Rau qhov meej meej, daim iav parabolic ntawm beam 6 tau teeb tsa kom pom tseeb, thiab cov input thiab output beams tsuas yog qhia ob txoj kab 1 thiab 7 xwb.
Daim Duab 3 qhia txog qhov chaw ntawm txhua thaj chaw ua haujlwm ntawm XCELS laser system hauv lub tsev sim. Hluav taws xob, twj nqus tsev, kev kho dej, kev ntxuav thiab cua txias nyob hauv qab nthab. Tag nrho thaj chaw tsim kho yog ntau dua 24,000 m2. Tag nrho cov hluav taws xob siv yog li 7.5 MW. Lub tsev sim muaj lub thav duab sab hauv thiab ib ntu sab nraud, txhua lub ua rau ntawm ob lub hauv paus tsis sib txuas. Lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab lwm yam kev co-inducing systems tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub hauv paus-cais kev co, yog li qhov amplitude ntawm kev cuam tshuam xa mus rau lub laser system los ntawm lub hauv paus thiab kev txhawb nqa raug txo kom tsawg dua 10-10 g2 / Hz hauv qhov zaus ntawm 1-200 Hz. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub network ntawm geodesic reference markers tau teeb tsa hauv laser hall los saib xyuas qhov kev txav ntawm hauv av thiab cov khoom siv.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm XCELS project yog los tsim ib lub chaw tshawb fawb loj uas siv cov lasers uas muaj zog heev. Ib txoj kab ntawm XCELS laser system yuav muab tau lub teeb ci ntsa iab ntau zaus ntau dua 1024 W/cm2, uas tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua 1025 W/cm2 nrog rau kev siv tshuab post-compression. Los ntawm dipole-focusing pulses los ntawm 12 txoj kab hauv lub laser system, qhov ci ntsa iab ze li 1026 W/cm2 tuaj yeem ua tiav txawm tias tsis muaj post-compression thiab phase locking. Yog tias qhov kev sib dhos theem ntawm cov channel raug xauv, qhov ci ntsa iab yuav siab dua ntau zaus. Siv cov pulse intensities uas ua rau cov ntaub ntawv no tawg thiab cov qauv teeb ntau txoj kab, lub chaw XCELS yav tom ntej yuav muaj peev xwm ua cov kev sim nrog qhov ci ntsa iab heev, kev faib tawm ntawm lub teeb sib txawv, thiab kuaj xyuas kev sib cuam tshuam siv ntau txoj kab laser beams thiab hluav taws xob theem ob. Qhov no yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog electromagnetic field experimental physics.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-26-2024