Microwave optoelectronics, raws li lub npe qhia, yog kev sib tshuam ntawm microwave thiaboptoelectronics. Microwaves thiab lub teeb nthwv dej yog cov nthwv dej electromagnetic, thiab cov zaus muaj ntau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov sib txawv, thiab cov khoom siv thiab cov thev naus laus zis tsim hauv lawv qhov chaw sib txawv heev. Hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, peb tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm ib leeg, tab sis peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntawv thov tshiab thiab cov yam ntxwv uas nyuaj rau kev paub txog.
Kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muagyog ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm microwaves thiab photoelectrons. Thaum ntxov xov tooj thiab telegraph wireless kev sib txuas lus, tiam, propagation thiab txais cov teeb liab, tag nrho cov siv microwave li. Tsawg zaus electromagnetic nthwv dej yog siv thawj zaug vim tias qhov ntau zaus me me thiab lub peev xwm ntawm kev sib kis yog me me. Txoj kev daws teeb meem yog txhawm rau nce qhov zaus ntawm cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob, qhov siab dua qhov zaus, cov peev txheej spectrum ntau dua. Tab sis lub siab zaus teeb liab nyob rau hauv cov huab cua propagation poob yog loj, tab sis kuj yog ib qho yooj yim yuav tsum tau thaiv los ntawm obstacles. Yog tias siv lub cable, qhov poob ntawm lub cable yog qhov loj, thiab kev xa mus ntev yog qhov teeb meem. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau optical yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo rau cov teeb meem no.Optical fiber ntaumuaj tsawg kis tau tus mob tsis zoo thiab yog ib tug zoo heev carrier rau kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv ntev kev deb. Qhov ntau zaus ntawm lub teeb nthwv dej yog ntau dua li ntawm microwaves thiab tuaj yeem xa mus rau ntau qhov sib txawv ib txhij. Vim yog cov zoo ntawmoptical kis tau tus mob, optical fiber kev sib txuas lus tau dhau los ua cov pob txha ntawm kev xa xov xwm niaj hnub no.
Kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag muaj keeb kwm ntev, kev tshawb fawb thiab daim ntawv thov yog dav heev thiab paub tab, ntawm no tsis yog hais ntxiv. Daim ntawv no tsuas yog qhia txog cov ntsiab lus tshawb fawb tshiab ntawm microwave optoelectronics hauv xyoo tas los no uas tsis yog kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag. Microwave optoelectronics tsuas yog siv cov txheej txheem thiab thev naus laus zis hauv thaj chaw ntawm optoelectronics ua tus nqa khoom los txhim kho thiab ua tiav cov kev ua tau zoo thiab daim ntawv thov uas nyuaj rau kev ua tiav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv microwave. Los ntawm kev pom ntawm daim ntawv thov, nws feem ntau suav nrog peb yam hauv qab no.
Thawj yog siv optoelectronics los tsim kom muaj kev ua tau zoo, tsis tshua muaj suab nrov microwave teeb liab, los ntawm X-band txhua txoj kev mus rau THz band.
Thib ob, microwave teeb liab ua. Xws li ncua sijhawm, lim dej, hloov pauv zaus, tau txais thiab lwm yam.
Thib peb, kev sib kis ntawm cov teeb liab analog.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, tus sau tsuas yog qhia txog thawj ntu, tiam ntawm microwave teeb liab. Ib txwm microwave millimeter nthwv dej yog tsim los ntawm iii_V microelectronic Cheebtsam. Nws cov kev txwv muaj cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no: Ua ntej, rau cov zaus siab xws li 100GHz saum toj no, cov khoom siv microelectronics tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob tsawg thiab tsawg dua, mus rau ntau zaus THz teeb liab, lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua dab tsi. Qhov thib ob, txhawm rau txo cov suab nrov ntawm theem thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg, cov cuab yeej qub yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tsis tshua muaj kub. Thib peb, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua tiav ntau yam kev hloov pauv zaus hloov pauv. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, optoelectronic thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tau piav qhia hauv qab no.
1. Los ntawm qhov sib txawv zaus ntawm ob qhov sib txawv zaus laser teeb liab, ib lub tshuab photodetector siab yog siv los hloov cov teeb liab microwave, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 1.
Daim duab 1. Schematic daim duab ntawm microwaves generated los ntawm qhov sib txawv zaus ntawm oblasers.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv no yog cov qauv yooj yim, tuaj yeem tsim cov zaus ntau zaus millimeter nthwv dej thiab txawm tias THz zaus teeb liab, thiab los ntawm kev kho qhov zaus ntawm laser tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ceev ceev, cheb zaus. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias cov kab dav lossis theem suab nrov ntawm qhov sib txawv zaus teeb liab tsim los ntawm ob lub teeb liab tsis sib xws ntawm lub laser yog qhov loj, thiab qhov kev ruaj ntseg tsis siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lub semiconductor laser nrog lub ntim me me tab sis loj linewidth (~ MHz) yog. siv. Yog hais tias lub cev hnyav qhov xav tau tsis siab, koj tuaj yeem siv lub suab qis (~ kHz) solid-state lasers,fiber ntau lasers, sab nraud kab noj hniavsemiconductor lasers, thiab lwm yam Tsis tas li ntawd, ob hom kev sib txawv ntawm cov teeb liab laser tsim nyob rau hauv tib lub laser kab noj hniav kuj tuaj yeem siv los tsim qhov sib txawv zaus, kom lub microwave zaus stability kev ua tau zoo heev.
2. Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem uas ob lub lasers nyob rau hauv txoj kev dhau los yog incoherent thiab lub teeb liab theem suab nrov generated yog loj heev, lub coherence ntawm ob lub lasers yuav tau txais los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj zaus locking theem locking txoj kev los yog tsis zoo tawm tswv yim theem. xauv Circuit Court. Daim duab 2 qhia txog daim ntawv thov ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj kaw kom tsim tau microwave ntau (Daim duab 2). Los ntawm ncaj qha txhaj cov teeb liab siab zaus tam sim no rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob semiconductor, lossis los ntawm kev siv LinBO3-theem modulator, ntau lub teeb pom kev sib txawv ntawm cov zaus sib txawv nrog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug tuaj yeem tsim tau, lossis kho qhov muag zaus combs. Tau kawg, feem ntau siv txoj hauv kev kom tau txais qhov dav spectrum optical zaus zuag yog siv hom-xauv laser. Txhua lub zuag ob lub cim nyob rau hauv lub generated optical zaus zuag yog xaiv los ntawm filtering thiab txhaj rau hauv laser 1 thiab 2 raws li kom paub qhov zaus thiab theem locking feem. Vim hais tias cov theem ntawm qhov sib txawv comb signals ntawm optical zaus zuag yog qhov ruaj khov, yog li ntawd cov theem ntawm tus txheeb ze ntawm ob lub lasers ruaj khov, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm txoj kev sib txawv zaus raws li tau piav qhia ua ntej, ntau zaus microwave teeb liab ntawm lub optical zaus comb repetition tus nqi yuav tau.
Daim duab 2. Schematic daim duab ntawm microwave zaus ob npaug ntawm lub teeb liab generated los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj zaus locking.
Lwm txoj hauv kev los txo cov suab nrov ntawm cov suab nrov ntawm ob lub lasers yog siv cov kev tawm tswv yim tsis zoo kho qhov muag PLL, raws li pom hauv daim duab 3.
Daim duab 3. Schematic daim duab ntawm OPL.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm optical PLL zoo ib yam li PLL hauv kev siv hluav taws xob. Cov theem sib txawv ntawm ob lub lasers yog hloov mus rau hauv lub teeb liab hluav taws xob los ntawm photodetector (sib npaug rau lub ntsuas ntsuas theem), thiab tom qab ntawd cov theem sib txawv ntawm ob lub lasers tau txais los ntawm kev sib txawv zaus nrog rau qhov siv microwave teeb liab, uas yog amplified. thiab lim thiab muab rov qab mus rau lub zaus tswj chav tsev ntawm ib qho ntawm cov lasers (rau semiconductor lasers, nws yog qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no). Los ntawm xws li kev tawm tswv yim tsis zoo tswj lub voj, qhov txheeb ze zaus theem ntawm ob lub teeb liab laser raug kaw rau qhov siv microwave teeb liab. Cov teeb liab sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem raug xa mus los ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag mus rau lub photodetector lwm qhov thiab hloov mus rau hauv lub teeb liab microwave. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub suab nrov ntawm lub teeb liab microwave yuav luag zoo ib yam li cov teeb liab siv nyob rau hauv lub bandwidth ntawm lub sij hawm kaw tsis zoo tawm tswv yim voj. Cov theem suab nrov sab nraum lub bandwidth yog sib npaug rau cov txheeb ze lub suab nrov ntawm thawj ob lub lasers tsis sib xws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob microwave tseem tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm lwm qhov chaw teeb liab los ntawm ntau zaus ob npaug, divisor zaus, lossis lwm yam kev ua haujlwm zaus, kom lub suab qis microwave teeb liab tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua, lossis hloov mus rau high-frequency RF, THz signals.
Piv nrog rau kev txhaj tshuaj ntau zaus xauv tuaj yeem tsuas yog tau txais qhov zaus ob npaug, lub sijhawm kaw lub voj voog yog hloov tau yooj yim dua, tuaj yeem tsim cov zaus yuav luag, thiab tau kawg ntau txoj hauv kev. Piv txwv li, lub optical zaus zuag generated los ntawm photoelectric modulator nyob rau hauv daim duab 2 yog siv raws li lub teeb qhov chaw, thiab lub optical theem-locked voj yog siv los xaiv xauv qhov zaus ntawm ob lub lasers rau ob lub optical comb signals, thiab ces tsim. high-frequency signals los ntawm qhov sib txawv zaus, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 4. f1 thiab f2 yog cov siv teeb liab frequencies ntawm ob PLLS feem, thiab lub teeb liab microwave ntawm N * frep + f1 + f2 tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub lasers.
Daim duab 4. Schematic daim duab ntawm generating arbitrary frequencies siv optical zaus combs thiab PLLS.
3. Siv hom-xauv mem tes laser hloov kho qhov muag mem tes teeb liab rau hauv microwave teeb liab los ntawmphotodetector.
Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev no yog tias lub teeb liab uas muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo heev thiab cov suab nrov qis heev tuaj yeem tau txais. Los ntawm kev kaw lub zaus ntawm lub laser mus rau qhov ruaj khov atomic thiab molecular hloov spectrum, los yog ib qho kev ruaj khov kho qhov muag kab noj hniav, thiab kev siv tus kheej ob npaug zaus tshem tawm qhov zaus hloov pauv thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis, peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov teeb liab kho qhov muag pom kev ruaj khov nrog. ib tug ruaj khov heev repetition zaus, thiaj li yuav tau txais ib tug microwave teeb liab nrog ultra-tsawg theem suab nrov. Daim duab 5.
Daim duab 5. Kev sib piv ntawm cov txheeb ze lub suab nrov ntawm cov teeb liab sib txawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, vim hais tias cov mem tes rov ua dua yog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kab noj hniav ntev ntawm lub laser, thiab cov tsoos hom-xauv laser yog loj, nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom tau txais cov teeb liab ntawm microwave ncaj qha. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov loj me, qhov hnyav thiab lub zog noj ntawm cov tsoos pulsed lasers, nrog rau cov kev cai ib puag ncig hnyav, txwv lawv cov ntawv thov kev sim. Txhawm rau kov yeej cov teeb meem no, kev tshawb fawb tau pib tsis ntev los no hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees siv cov teebmeem nonlinear los tsim cov zaus-ruaj khov kho qhov muag nyob rau hauv me me, zoo siab chirp hom optical kab noj hniav, uas nyob rau hauv lem tsim high-frequency low-noise microwave signals.
4. opto hluav taws xob oscillator, Daim duab 6.
Daim duab 6. Schematic daim duab ntawm photoelectric coupled oscillator.
Ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov microwaves lossis lasers yog siv cov lus teb rau tus kheej kaw lub voj, tsuav yog qhov nce hauv lub voj kaw yog ntau dua qhov poob, tus kheej-zoo siab oscillation tuaj yeem tsim microwaves lossis lasers. Qhov siab dua qhov zoo tshaj Q ntawm lub voj kaw, qhov me me ntawm cov teeb liab tsim theem lossis lub suab nrov zaus. Txhawm rau kom qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub voj voog, txoj hauv kev ncaj qha yog ua kom lub voj voog ntev thiab txo qis qhov kev nthuav tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, lub voj voog ntev dua tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau hom kev oscillation, thiab yog tias qhov nqaim-bandwidth lim tau ntxiv, ib zaug-zaus suab nrov microwave oscillation teeb liab tuaj yeem tau txais. Photoelectric coupled oscillator yog lub teeb liab microwave raws li lub tswv yim no, nws ua rau tag nrho cov fiber ntau propagation poob yam ntxwv, siv fiber ntau ntev los txhim kho lub voj Q tus nqi, tuaj yeem tsim lub teeb liab microwave nrog suab nrov qis heev. Txij li cov txheej txheem tau npaj rau xyoo 1990, hom oscillator no tau txais kev tshawb fawb dav thiab kev loj hlob, thiab tam sim no muaj kev lag luam photoelectric txuas nrog oscillators. Tsis ntev los no, photoelectric oscillators uas nws zaus tuaj yeem hloov kho ntau yam tau tsim. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm microwave teeb liab qhov chaw raws li cov qauv no yog lub voj voog ntev, thiab lub suab nrov hauv nws cov dej ntws dawb (FSR) thiab nws cov zaus ob zaug yuav nce ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photoelectric siv ntau dua, tus nqi siab, qhov ntim tsis yooj yim los txo, thiab cov fiber ntau ntev dua yog qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
Cov saum toj no luv luv qhia ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm photoelectron tiam ntawm microwave teeb liab, nrog rau lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Thaum kawg, kev siv cov photoelectrons los tsim microwave muaj lwm qhov zoo dua yog tias cov teeb liab kho qhov muag tuaj yeem muab faib los ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag nrog qhov poob qis, kev sib kis ntev mus rau txhua qhov kev siv davhlau ya nyob twg thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau hauv microwave teeb liab, thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv electromagnetic. cuam tshuam tau zoo dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj.
Kev sau ntawv ntawm tsab xov xwm no tsuas yog siv rau kev siv, thiab ua ke nrog tus kws sau ntawv tus kheej kev tshawb fawb thiab kev paub dhau los hauv daim teb no, muaj qhov tsis raug thiab tsis nkag siab, thov nkag siab.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-03-2024