Kev tsim ntawm photonic integrated circuit

Tsim ntawmphotoniclub voj voog sib xyaw ua ke

Cov voj voog sib xyaw ua ke ntawm photonic(PIC) feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev pab los ntawm cov ntawv sau lej vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev ntev hauv interferometers lossis lwm yam kev siv uas nkag siab txog txoj kev ntev.PICyog tsim los ntawm kev pattering ntau txheej (feem ntau 10 txog 30) ntawm ib lub wafer, uas yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov duab polygonal, feem ntau sawv cev hauv hom ntawv GDSII. Ua ntej xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub chaw tsim khoom photomask, nws yog qhov xav tau heev kom muaj peev xwm simulate PIC los xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm tus qauv tsim. Kev simulation yog muab faib ua ntau theem: qib qis tshaj plaws yog peb-seem electromagnetic (EM) simulation, qhov twg kev simulation yog ua tiav ntawm qib sub-wavelength, txawm hais tias kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov atoms hauv cov khoom siv yog ua tiav ntawm qhov ntsuas macroscopic. Cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj xws li peb-seem finite-difference Time-domain (3D FDTD) thiab eigenmode expansion (EME). Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, tab sis tsis yooj yim rau tag nrho PIC simulation lub sijhawm. Qib tom ntej yog 2.5-seem EM simulation, xws li finite-difference beam propagation (FD-BPM). Cov txheej txheem no sai dua, tab sis txi qee qhov tseeb thiab tsuas yog tuaj yeem tswj hwm paraxial propagation thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv los simulate resonators, piv txwv li. Qib tom ntej yog 2D EM simulation, xws li 2D FDTD thiab 2D BPM. Cov no kuj ceev dua, tab sis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsawg, xws li lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua qauv polarization rotators. Qib ntxiv yog kev sib kis thiab / lossis kev sib kis matrix simulation. Txhua qhov tseem ceeb yog txo kom muaj ib qho khoom nrog cov tswv yim thiab cov zis, thiab cov waveguide txuas nrog yog txo kom muaj kev hloov pauv theem thiab attenuation element. Cov kev simulations no ceev heev. Lub teeb liab tso zis tau los ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm lub matrix kis los ntawm lub teeb liab nkag. Lub matrix scattering (uas cov ntsiab lus hu ua S-parameters) sib npaug cov teeb liab nkag thiab tso zis ntawm ib sab kom pom cov teeb liab nkag thiab tso zis ntawm sab tod ntawm cov khoom. Yeej, lub matrix scattering muaj qhov kev xav hauv lub ntsiab lus. Lub matrix scattering feem ntau yog ob npaug loj dua li lub matrix kis hauv txhua qhov ntev. Hauv kev xaus, los ntawm 3D EM mus rau kev sib kis / kev sib kis matrix simulation, txhua txheej ntawm kev simulation nthuav qhia kev lag luam ntawm kev ceev thiab qhov tseeb, thiab cov neeg tsim qauv xaiv qib kev simulation rau lawv cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb los ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem tsim qauv.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev cia siab rau kev sim ua hluav taws xob ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus thiab siv cov scattering/transfer matrix los simulate tag nrho PIC tsis lav qhov tsim kom raug tag nrho nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub phaj ntws. Piv txwv li, qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev tsis raug, multimode waveguides uas tsis ua haujlwm zoo los tswj cov hom kev txiav txim siab siab, lossis ob lub waveguides uas nyob ze rau ib leeg ua rau muaj teeb meem sib txuas tsis tau xav txog yuav tsis pom thaum lub sijhawm simulation. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias cov cuab yeej simulation siab heev muab cov peev xwm tsim qauv zoo, nws tseem xav tau kev saib xyuas siab thiab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo los ntawm tus tsim qauv, ua ke nrog kev paub dhau los thiab kev paub txog kev siv tshuab, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev tsim qauv thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim ntawv ntws.

Ib txoj kev siv hu ua sparse FDTD tso cai rau 3D thiab 2D FDTD simulations kom ua tiav ncaj qha rau ntawm tus qauv PIC tiav los xyuas kom meej tus qauv. Txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau txhua lub cuab yeej simulation electromagnetic los simulate ib qho PIC loj heev, sparse FDTD muaj peev xwm simulate ib cheeb tsam loj heev. Hauv 3D FDTD ib txwm muaj, qhov kev simulation pib los ntawm kev pib rau rau lub Cheebtsam ntawm lub electromagnetic hauv ib qho ntim tshwj xeeb. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov khoom tshiab hauv lub ntim raug suav, thiab lwm yam. Txhua kauj ruam xav tau ntau qhov kev suav, yog li nws siv sijhawm ntev. Hauv sparse 3D FDTD, es tsis txhob suav ntawm txhua kauj ruam ntawm txhua qhov ntawm lub ntim, ib daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov khoom hauv lub teb tau khaws cia uas tuaj yeem sib xws rau lub ntim loj arbitrarily thiab tsuas yog suav rau cov khoom ntawd. Ntawm txhua kauj ruam sijhawm, cov ntsiab lus nyob ib sab ntawm cov khoom hauv lub teb raug ntxiv, thaum cov khoom hauv lub teb qis dua qee qhov kev txwv zog raug tso tseg. Rau qee cov qauv, qhov kev suav no tuaj yeem ua ntau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj dua li 3D FDTD ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov FDTDS uas tsis tshua muaj neeg pom tsis ua haujlwm zoo thaum cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv dispersive vim tias lub sijhawm no nthuav dav ntau dhau, ua rau cov npe ntev dhau thiab nyuaj rau tswj. Daim duab 1 qhia txog piv txwv ntawm daim duab ntawm 3D FDTD simulation zoo ib yam li polarization beam splitter (PBS).

Daim Duab 1: Cov txiaj ntsig simulation los ntawm 3D sparse FDTD. (A) yog daim duab saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov qauv uas raug simulated, uas yog ib qho kev sib txuas lus. (B) Qhia ib daim duab ntawm kev simulation siv quasi-TE excitation. Ob daim duab saum toj no qhia daim duab saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov teeb liab quasi-TE thiab quasi-TM, thiab ob daim duab hauv qab no qhia qhov pom ntawm seem sib xws. (C) Qhia ib daim duab ntawm kev simulation siv quasi-TM excitation.