Cov yam ntxwv ntawm nthwv dej thiab cov khoom me me yog ob qho yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom hauv xwm. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb, kev sib cav txog seb nws puas yog nthwv dej lossis cov khoom me me pib txij li xyoo pua 17th. Newton tau tsim ib txoj kev xav txog lub teeb ntawm cov khoom me me zoo meej hauv nws phau ntawv.Kev Kho Qhov Muag, uas ua rau lub tswv yim ntawm lub teeb me me dhau los ua lub tswv yim tseem ceeb rau yuav luag ib puas xyoo. Huygens, Thomas Young, Maxwell thiab lwm tus ntseeg tias lub teeb yog nthwv dej. Txog thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, Einstein tau hais txogKev Kho Qhov Muagkev piav qhia txog quantumphotoelectricqhov cuam tshuam, uas ua rau tib neeg paub tias lub teeb muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm nthwv dej thiab cov khoom me me duality. Bohr tom qab ntawd tau taw qhia hauv nws txoj cai complementarity nto moo tias seb lub teeb ua haujlwm li nthwv dej lossis ib qho khoom me me nyob ntawm qhov chaw sim tshwj xeeb, thiab tias ob qho khoom tsis tuaj yeem pom tib lub sijhawm hauv ib qho kev sim. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab John Wheeler tau tawm tswv yim nws qhov kev sim xaiv qeeb qeeb, raws li nws cov qauv quantum, nws tau raug pov thawj tias lub teeb tuaj yeem ua ke ib lub xeev nthwv dej-particle superposition ntawm "tsis yog nthwv dej lossis khoom me me, tsis yog nthwv dej lossis khoom me me", thiab qhov xwm txheej txawv txawv no tau pom hauv ntau qhov kev sim. Kev soj ntsuam sim ntawm nthwv dej-particle superposition ntawm lub teeb sib tw rau ciam teb ib txwm muaj ntawm Bohr txoj cai complementarity thiab rov txhais lub tswv yim ntawm nthwv dej-particle duality.
Xyoo 2013, tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm tus miv Cheshire hauv Alice hauv Wonderland, Aharonov et al. tau tawm tswv yim txog kev xav txog miv Cheshire quantum. Kev xav no qhia txog qhov tshwm sim tshiab heev, uas yog, lub cev ntawm miv Cheshire (lub cev nqaij daim tawv) tuaj yeem paub txog kev sib cais ntawm nws lub ntsej muag luag ntxhi (lub cev nqaij daim tawv), uas ua rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom siv thiab ontology ua tau. Cov kws tshawb fawb tom qab ntawd tau saib qhov tshwm sim ntawm miv Cheshire hauv ob qho tib si neutron thiab photon systems, thiab ntxiv tau saib qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob tug miv Cheshire quantum sib pauv lub ntsej muag luag ntxhi.
Tsis ntev los no, tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm txoj kev xav no, pab pawg neeg ntawm Xibfwb Li Chuanfeng ntawm University of Science thiab Technology ntawm Tuam Tshoj, koom tes nrog pab pawg ntawm Xibfwb Chen Jingling ntawm Nankai University, tau pom qhov kev sib cais ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm nthwv dej-particle ntawmKev Kho Qhov Muag, uas yog, qhov sib cais ntawm cov khoom nthwv dej los ntawm cov khoom me me, los ntawm kev tsim cov kev sim siv ntau qib ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm photons thiab siv cov txheej txheem ntsuas tsis muaj zog raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm virtual. Cov khoom nthwv dej thiab cov khoom me me ntawm photons raug pom tib lub sijhawm hauv thaj chaw sib txawv.
Cov txiaj ntsig yuav pab kom nkag siab tob txog lub tswv yim yooj yim ntawm quantum mechanics, wave-particle duality, thiab txoj kev ntsuas tsis muaj zog uas siv kuj tseem yuav muab cov tswv yim rau kev tshawb fawb sim hauv kev coj ntawm quantum precision ntsuas thiab kev sib txuas lus counterfactual.
| cov ntaub ntawv ntawv |
Li, JK., Sun, K., Wang, Y. et al. Kev ua qauv qhia txog kev sib cais ntawm cov nthwv dej-particle duality ntawm ib lub photon nrog tus miv quantum Cheshire. Lub Teeb Sci Appl 12, 18 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01063-5
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-25-2023