Wave thiab particle vaj tse yog ob yam khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb meem hauv qhov xwm txheej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub teeb, kev sib cav txog seb nws yog nthwv dej los yog ib qho particle hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 17th. Newton tau tsim ib qho kev xav zoo meej particle ntawm lub teeb hauv nws phau ntawvOptics, uas ua rau lub particle theory ntawm lub teeb los ua lub ntsiab txoj kev xav rau ze li ib puas xyoo. Huygens, Thomas Young, Maxwell thiab lwm tus ntseeg tias lub teeb yog nthwv dej. Txog rau thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, Einstein tau hais txog qhovOpticsquantum piav qhia ntawm lubphotoelectriccov nyhuv, uas ua rau tib neeg paub tias lub teeb muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm nthwv dej thiab particle duality. Bohr tom qab ntawd tau taw qhia hauv nws lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib koom ua ke uas txawm tias lub teeb coj zoo li nthwv dej lossis ib qho yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw sim tshwj xeeb, thiab ob qho tib si tsis tuaj yeem soj ntsuam ib txhij hauv ib qho kev sim. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab John Wheeler tau thov nws qhov kev sim ncua kev xaiv nto moo, raws li nws cov quantum version, nws tau ua pov thawj tias lub teeb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub xeev ntawm yoj-particle superposition ntawm "tsis muaj nthwv dej los yog particle, tsis nthwv dej los yog particle", thiab qhov txawv txawv no. phenomenon tau pom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev sim. Kev soj ntsuam kev soj ntsuam ntawm nthwv dej-particle superposition ntawm lub teeb teeb meem ntawm ib txwm ciam teb ntawm Bohr txoj cai complementarity thiab redefines lub tswv yim ntawm yoj-particle dual.
Nyob rau hauv 2013, tshwm sim los ntawm Cheshire miv nyob rau hauv Alice nyob rau hauv Wonderland, Aharonov li al. tau npaj lub quantum Cheshire miv txoj kev xav. Qhov kev xav no qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cev tshiab, uas yog, Cheshire miv lub cev (lub cev lub cev) tuaj yeem paub txog kev sib cais ntawm nws lub ntsej muag luag ntxhi (lub cev tus cwj pwm), uas ua rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov kev xav tau. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau soj ntsuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm Cheshire miv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si neutron thiab photon systems, thiab ntxiv tau soj ntsuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob quantum Cheshire miv pauv lub ntsej muag luag ntxhi.
Tsis ntev los no, kev tshoov siab los ntawm qhov kev xav no, xibfwb Li Chuanfeng pab neeg ntawm University of Science thiab Technology ntawm Tuam Tshoj, koom tes nrog xibfwb Chen Jingling pab pawg ntawm Nankai University, tau paub txog kev sib cais ntawm nthwv dej-particle duality ntawmOptics, uas yog, spatial sib cais ntawm yoj zog los ntawm cov khoom particle, los ntawm kev tsim cov kev sim siv cov qib sib txawv ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm photons thiab siv cov kev ntsuas tsis muaj zog raws li lub sij hawm virtual evolution. Lub zog yoj thiab cov khoom particle ntawm photons tau pom ib txhij nyob rau hauv ntau thaj tsam.
Cov txiaj ntsig yuav pab kom nkag siab tob txog lub tswv yim ntawm quantum mechanics, yoj-particle duality, thiab cov kev ntsuas tsis muaj zog siv kuj tseem yuav muab cov tswv yim rau kev sim kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm quantum precision ntsuas thiab kev sib txuas lus counterfactual.
| ntawv xov xwm |
Li, J.K., Sun, K., Wang, Y. et al. Kev sim ua qauv qhia ntawm kev sib cais cov nthwv dej - particle duality ntawm ib qho photon nrog quantum Cheshire miv. Lub Teeb Sci Appl 12, 18 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01063-5
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-25-2023