Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm laser nce nruab nrab

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm laser gain media yog dab tsi?

Laser nce nruab nrab, tseem hu ua laser ua haujlwm tshuaj, yog hais txog cov khoom siv siv los ua kom tiav cov khoom me me inversion thiab tsim cov hluav taws xob txhawb kom ua tiav lub teeb amplification. Nws yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub laser, nqa ntau tus atoms lossis molecules, cov atoms lossis molecules no nyob rau hauv lub zog sab nraud excitation, tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lub xeev excited, thiab los ntawm cov hluav taws xob txhawb excited tso tawm photons, yog li tsim ib qholub teeb laserLub laser nce nruab nrab tuaj yeem yog cov khoom khov, kua, roj lossis semiconductor khoom.
Hauv cov lasers solid-state, cov khoom siv feem ntau yog cov siv lead ua doped nrog cov ions tsis tshua muaj lossis cov ions hlau hloov pauv, xws li Nd: YAG siv lead ua, Nd: YVO4 siv lead ua, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov lasers kua, cov xim organic feem ntau siv ua cov khoom siv nce. Cov lasers roj siv cov roj ua cov khoom siv nce, xws li cov roj carbon dioxide hauv cov lasers carbon dioxide, thiab cov roj helium thiab neon hauv cov lasers helium-neon.Cov tshuab hluav taws xob semiconductorsiv cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor ua qhov nce nruab nrab, xws li gallium arsenide (GaAs).
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub laser gain medium muaj xws li:
Cov qauv theem zog: Cov atoms lossis molecules hauv qhov nruab nrab nce yuav tsum muaj cov qauv theem zog tsim nyog kom ua tiav qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub zog sab nraud. Qhov no feem ntau txhais tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov qib siab dua thiab qis dua yuav tsum phim lub zog photon ntawm ib qho wavelength tshwj xeeb.

Cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv: Cov atoms lossis molecules nyob rau hauv lub xeev excited yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv ruaj khov kom tso tawm cov photons coherent thaum lub sijhawm excited radiation. Qhov no yuav tsum tau kom cov khoom nruab nrab kom muaj kev ua haujlwm quantum siab thiab poob qis.
Kev ruaj khov thermal thiab lub zog kho tshuab: Hauv kev siv tiag tiag, qhov nruab nrab nce yuav tsum tiv taus lub zog siab twj tso kua mis lub teeb thiab cov zis laser, yog li nws yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj khov thermal zoo thiab lub zog kho tshuab.
Kev zoo ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo: Qhov zoo ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm qhov nce nruab nrab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub laser. Nws yuav tsum muaj lub teeb ci ntsa iab thiab qhov poob qis kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm lub teeb laser. Kev xaiv ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb nyob ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawmlaser, ua haujlwm wavelength, tso zis hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov khoom siv thiab cov qauv ntawm qhov nce nruab nrab, qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub laser tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv.