Optical multiplexing cov tswv yim thiab lawv txoj kev sib yuav rau on-chip: kev tshuaj xyuas

Optical multiplexing cov tswv yim thiab lawv txoj kev sib yuav rau on-chip thiaboptical fiber kev sib txuas lus: kev tshuaj xyuas

Optical multiplexing techniques yog ib lub ntsiab lus tshawb fawb ceev, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb thoob plaws ntiaj teb tab tom ua kev tshawb fawb tob hauv daim teb no. Ntau xyoo dhau los, ntau lub tshuab multiplex xws li wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), mode division multiplexing (MDM), space division multiplexing (SDM), polarization multiplexing (PDM) thiab orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) tau raug npaj. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) thev naus laus zis ua rau ob lossis ntau lub teeb pom kev sib txawv ntawm cov wavelength sib txawv kom xa mus ib txhij los ntawm ib qho fiber ntau, ua kom tag nrho cov fiber ntau poob cov yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv ib tug loj wavelength ntau yam. Txoj kev xav tau thawj zaug los ntawm Delange hauv xyoo 1970, thiab nws tsis yog txog xyoo 1977 uas qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm WDM tau pib, uas tau tsom mus rau kev siv cov kev sib txuas lus. Txij thaum ntawd los, nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawmoptical fiber ntau, qhov kaj, photodetectorthiab lwm qhov chaw, tib neeg txoj kev tshawb nrhiav WDM thev naus laus zis kuj tau nrawm dua. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm polarization multiplexing (PDM) yog qhov ntau ntawm cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob, vim tias ob lub teeb liab ywj pheej tuaj yeem muab faib rau ntawm orthogonal polarization txoj hauj lwm ntawm tib lub teeb ntawm lub teeb, thiab ob lub polarization channel tau sib cais thiab nws tus kheej raug txheeb xyuas nyob rau hauv lub polarization multiplexing. txais kawg.

Raws li qhov kev thov rau cov ntaub ntawv siab dua txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv, qib kawg ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm multiplexing, qhov chaw, tau kawm ntau dua kaum xyoo dhau los. Ntawm lawv, hom faib multiplexing (MDM) feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm N transmitters, uas tau pom los ntawm spatial hom multiplexer. Thaum kawg, lub teeb liab txhawb los ntawm hom spatial yog kis mus rau qhov qis-hom fiber ntau. Thaum lub teeb liab nthuav tawm, tag nrho cov hom ntawm tib lub wavelength raug kho raws li ib chav tsev ntawm Space Division multiplexing (SDM) super channel, piv txwv li lawv yog amplified, attenuated thiab ntxiv ib txhij, yam tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev ua haujlwm sib cais. Hauv MDM, qhov sib txawv spatial contours (uas yog, cov duab sib txawv) ntawm tus qauv raug xa mus rau ntau qhov sib txawv. Piv txwv li, ib lub channel raug xa mus hla ib lub laser beam uas zoo li ib daim duab peb sab, square, los yog lub voj voog. Cov duab siv los ntawm MDM hauv kev siv tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb yog qhov nyuaj dua thiab muaj cov lej lej thiab lub cev tshwj xeeb. Cov thev naus laus zis no yog qhov sib txawv tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv fiber ntau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus txij li xyoo 1980s. MDM thev naus laus zis muab lub tswv yim tshiab los siv ntau txoj hauv kev thiab ua kom muaj peev xwm txuas ntxiv siv ib tus neeg nqa khoom wavelength. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) yog lub cev yam ntxwv ntawm electromagnetic tsis nyob rau hauv uas txoj kev propagation yog txiav txim los ntawm lub helical theem wavefront. Txij li cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau txoj kev sib cais, wireless orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) tuaj yeem txhim kho tus nqi sib kis tau zoo nyob rau hauv high-to-point transmissions (xws li wireless backhaul lossis forward).