Cov txheej txheem optical multiplexing thiab lawv txoj kev sib yuav rau on-chip: kev tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem optical multiplexing thiab lawv txoj kev sib yuav rau on-chip thiabkev sib txuas lus fiber ntau: kev tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem optical multiplexing yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb ceev ceev, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb thoob plaws ntiaj teb tab tom ua kev tshawb fawb tob tob hauv daim teb no. Tau ntau xyoo, ntau cov thev naus laus zis multiplex xws li wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), mode division multiplexing (MDM), space division multiplexing (SDM), polarization multiplexing (PDM) thiab orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) tau raug thov. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) thev naus laus zis ua rau ob lossis ntau lub teeb liab optical ntawm cov wavelengths sib txawv kom xa tau tib lub sijhawm los ntawm ib lub fiber, ua kom siv tag nrho cov yam ntxwv poob qis ntawm cov fiber hauv qhov ntau ntawm wavelength loj. Lub tswv yim tau thawj zaug thov los ntawm Delange hauv xyoo 1970, thiab nws tsis yog txog thaum xyoo 1977 uas kev tshawb fawb yooj yim ntawm WDM thev naus laus zis pib, uas tsom mus rau kev siv cov tes hauj lwm sib txuas lus. Txij thaum ntawd los, nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawmcov khoom siv fiber ntau, lub teeb ci, lub tshuab ntes duabthiab lwm qhov chaw, tib neeg txoj kev tshawb nrhiav WDM thev naus laus zis kuj tau nrawm dua. Qhov zoo ntawm polarization multiplexing (PDM) yog tias qhov ntau ntawm cov teeb liab xa tuaj yeem sib npaug, vim tias ob lub teeb liab ywj pheej tuaj yeem faib tawm ntawm qhov chaw orthogonal polarization ntawm tib lub teeb ci, thiab ob txoj kab polarization raug sib cais thiab txheeb xyuas ywj pheej ntawm qhov kawg tau txais.

Raws li qhov kev thov rau cov ntaub ntawv siab dua txuas ntxiv mus, qib kawg ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm multiplexing, qhov chaw, tau raug kawm ntau heev hauv kaum xyoo dhau los. Ntawm lawv, hom kev faib multiplexing (MDM) feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm N transmitters, uas tau paub los ntawm spatial mode multiplexer. Thaum kawg, lub teeb liab txhawb nqa los ntawm spatial mode yog xa mus rau cov fiber tsawg-mode. Thaum lub sijhawm teeb liab kis, txhua hom ntawm tib lub wavelength raug kho raws li ib chav ntawm Space Division multiplexing (SDM) super channel, piv txwv li lawv tau amplified, attenuated thiab ntxiv tib lub sijhawm, tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav hom kev ua tiav sib cais. Hauv MDM, cov duab sib txawv spatial (uas yog, cov duab sib txawv) ntawm tus qauv tau muab rau cov channel sib txawv. Piv txwv li, ib txoj kab ke raug xa mus rau ntawm lub teeb laser uas zoo li lub duab peb ceg, square, lossis lub voj voog. Cov duab siv los ntawm MDM hauv cov ntawv thov tiag tiag yog qhov nyuaj dua thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv lej thiab lub cev tshwj xeeb. Cov thev naus laus zis no yog qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab tshaj plaws hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv fiber optic txij li xyoo 1980s. Kev siv tshuab MDM muab ib txoj kev tshiab los siv ntau txoj kev sib txuas thiab nce qhov muaj peev xwm txuas siv ib qho wavelength carrier. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) yog ib qho yam ntxwv ntawm cov nthwv dej electromagnetic uas txoj kev sib kis tau txiav txim siab los ntawm helical phase wavefront. Vim tias qhov feature no siv tau los tsim ntau txoj kev sib cais, wireless orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj kev sib kis ntau dua hauv kev sib kis high-to-point (xws li wireless backhaul lossis forward).