Compact silicon-raws li optoelectronicIQ modulatorrau high-speed coherent kev sib txuas lus
Qhov kev thov nce ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus ntau dua thiab ntau lub zog-npaum transceivers hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam tau tsav kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab.optical modulators. Silicon raws li optoelectronic thev naus laus zis (SiPh) tau dhau los ua ib qho kev cog lus rau kev sib koom ua ke ntau yam photonic Cheebtsam rau hauv ib lub nti, ua kom cov kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab cov nqi zoo. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav tshawb txog cov neeg nqa khoom tshiab uas txwv tsis pub siv silicon IQ modulator raws li GeSi EAMs, uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm ntau zaus txog 75 Gbaud.
Cov khoom tsim thiab cov yam ntxwv
Lub tswv yim IQ modulator tau txais kev cog lus peb caj npab, raws li pom hauv daim duab 1 (a). Tsim los ntawm peb lub GeSi EAM thiab peb lub thermo kho qhov muag theem hloov pauv, txais yuav qhov kev teeb tsa symmetrical. Lub teeb pom kev yog txuas rau hauv lub nti los ntawm kev sib txuas sib txuas (GC) thiab muab faib ua peb txoj hauv kev los ntawm 1 × 3 multimode interferometer (MMI). Tom qab dhau los ntawm lub modulator thiab theem shifter, lub teeb yog recombined los ntawm lwm 1 × 3 MMI thiab ces txuas mus rau ib hom fiber ntau (SSMF).
Daim duab 1: (a) Microscopic duab ntawm IQ modulator; (b) – (d) EO S21, extinction ratio spectrum, thiab transmittance ntawm ib tug GeSi EAM; (e) Schematic daim duab ntawm IQ modulator thiab coj cov theem kho qhov muag ntawm theem shifter; (f) Cov neeg nqa khoom txwv tsis pub sawv cev ntawm lub dav hlau complex. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 1 (b), GeSi EAM muaj ib tug dav electro-optic bandwidth. Daim duab 1 (b) ntsuas qhov S21 parameter ntawm ib qho GeSi EAM xeem qauv siv 67 GHz optical component analyzer (LCA). Daim duab 1 (c) thiab 1 (d) feem piav qhia txog qhov zoo li qub extinction ratio (ER) spectra ntawm qhov sib txawv DC voltages thiab kev sib kis ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 1555 nanometers.
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 1 (e), lub ntsiab feature ntawm no tsim yog lub peev xwm los suppress optical carriers los ntawm kev kho lub integrated theem shifter nyob rau hauv nruab nrab caj npab. Cov theem sib txawv ntawm sab sauv thiab sab caj npab yog π / 2, siv rau txoj kev sib tw, thaum lub sij hawm sib txawv ntawm nruab nrab caj npab yog -3 π / 4. Qhov kev teeb tsa no tso cai rau kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam rau tus neeg nqa khoom, raws li qhia hauv lub dav hlau complex ntawm daim duab 1 (f).
Kev sim teeb tsa thiab cov txiaj ntsig
Kev teeb tsa kev sim siab ceev tau qhia hauv daim duab 2 (a). Lub arbitrary waveform generator (Keysight M8194A) yog siv los ua lub teeb liab qhov chaw, thiab ob 60 GHz theem sib phim RF amplifiers (nrog kev tsis ncaj ncees tees) yog siv los ua tus tsav tsheb modulator. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm GeSi EAM yog -2.5 V, thiab theem sib txuam RF cable yog siv los txo qis hluav taws xob theem tsis sib haum ntawm I thiab Q raws.
Daim duab 2: (a) Kev teeb tsa kev sim siab ceev, (b) Kev tshem tawm cov cab kuj ntawm 70 Gbaud, (c) Tus nqi yuam kev thiab cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi, (d) Constellation ntawm 70 Gbaud. Siv lub lag luam sab nraud kab noj hniav laser (ECL) nrog linewidth ntawm 100 kHz, wavelength ntawm 1555 nm, thiab lub zog ntawm 12 dBm raws li cov khoom siv kho qhov muag. Tom qab hloov kho, lub teeb liab optical yog amplified siv ib qhoerbium-doped fiber ntau amplifier(EDFA) txhawm rau them nyiaj rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov chips sib txuas thiab kev hloov pauv hloov pauv.
Thaum qhov kawg tau txais, Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) saib xyuas cov teeb liab spectrum thiab cov cab kuj tawm tsam, raws li pom hauv daim duab 2 (b) rau 70 Gbaud teeb liab. Siv ob lub polarization coherent receiver kom tau txais cov cim, uas muaj 90 degree optical tov khoom thiab plaub40 GHz balanced photodiodes, thiab txuas nrog 33 GHz, 80 GSa / s real-time oscilloscope (RTO) (Keysight DSOZ634A). Qhov thib ob ECL qhov chaw nrog linewidth ntawm 100 kHz yog siv raws li lub zos oscillator (LO). Vim lub transmitter ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug polarization tej yam kev mob, tsuas yog ob tug hluav taws xob raws yog siv rau analog-to-digital conversion (ADC). Cov ntaub ntawv raug kaw ntawm RTO thiab ua tiav siv offline digital signal processor (DSP).
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 2 (c), IQ modulator tau sim siv QPSK modulation hom los ntawm 40 Gbaud rau 75 Gbaud. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias nyob rau hauv 7% kev txiav txim siab nyuaj rau kev kho qhov yuam kev (HD-FEC), tus nqi tuaj yeem ncav cuag 140 Gb / s; Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm 20% kev txiav txim siab muag kev kho qhov yuam kev (SD-FEC), qhov ceev tuaj yeem ncav cuag 150 Gb / s. Daim duab hnub qub ntawm 70 Gbaud yog qhia hauv daim duab 2 (d). Qhov tshwm sim yog txwv los ntawm oscilloscope bandwidth ntawm 33 GHz, uas yog sib npaug rau lub teeb liab bandwidth ntawm kwv yees li 66 Gbaud.
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 2 (b), peb lub caj npab qauv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov neeg nqa khoom kho qhov muag nrog tus nqi qis tshaj 30 dB. Cov qauv no tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav kev txwv ntawm cov cab kuj thiab tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv cov khoom xa tuaj uas xav tau cov khoom thauj khoom kom rov qab tau cov teeb liab, xws li Kramer Kronig (KK) receivers. Cov cab kuj tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm qhov nruab nrab sab caj npab hloov pauv kom ua tiav qhov xav tau tus cab kuj mus rau qhov sib piv (CSR).
Qhov zoo thiab daim ntawv thov
Piv nrog cov tsoos Mach Zehnder modulators (MZM modulators) thiab lwm yam silicon-based optoelectronic IQ modulators, thov silicon IQ modulator muaj ntau yam zoo. Ua ntej, nws yog qhov loj me, ntau dua 10 npaug me dua IQ modulators raws liMach Zehnder modulators(tsis suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas), yog li ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke kom ceev thiab txo qhov chaw nti. Qhov thib ob, cov txheej txheem tsim hluav taws xob tsis tas yuav tsum siv lub davhlau ya nyob twg resistors, yog li txo cov cuab yeej capacitance thiab lub zog ib ntsis. Thirdly, tus cab kuj muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev txo qis ntawm kev sib kis zog, ntxiv kev txhim kho lub zog efficiency.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kho qhov muag bandwidth ntawm GeSi EAM yog qhov dav heev (tshaj 30 nanometers), tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau ntau txoj kev tawm tswv yim tswj circuits thiab processors kom ruaj khov thiab synchronize lub resonance ntawm microwave modulators (MRMs), yog li yooj yim rau kev tsim.
Qhov no compact thiab npaum IQ modulator yog heev haum rau tiam tom ntej, siab channel suav, thiab me me coherent transceivers nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw zov me nyuam, ua kom muaj peev xwm ntau dua thiab ntau zog-npaum kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag.
Tus neeg nqa khoom tshem tawm silicon IQ modulator nthuav tawm kev ua haujlwm zoo, nrog cov ntaub ntawv xa mus txog li 150 Gb / s hauv qab 20% SD-FEC cov xwm txheej. Nws compact 3-arm qauv raws li GeSi EAM muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov hneev taw, lub zog ua haujlwm, thiab kev tsim qauv yooj yim. Cov modulator no muaj peev xwm los txwv lossis kho cov neeg nqa khoom kho qhov muag thiab tuaj yeem ua ke nrog kev tshawb nrhiav pom thiab Kramer Kronig (KK) cov phiaj xwm nrhiav kom pom rau ntau kab compact coherent transceivers. Cov kev ua tau zoo tau ua rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab ua tau zoo ntawm optical transceivers kom tau raws li qhov kev thov loj hlob rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus hauv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-21-2025