SPAD ib leeg-photon avalanche photodetector

SPADib leeg-photon avalanche photodetector

Thaum SPAD photodetector sensors tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug, lawv tau siv tsuas yog hauv cov xwm txheej nrhiav pom lub teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev txhim kho ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm qhov chaw,SPAD photodetectorsensors tau siv ntau ntxiv hauv cov neeg siv khoom xws li tsheb radars, neeg hlau, thiab tsheb tsis muaj neeg tsav tsheb. Vim nws lub siab rhiab heev thiab tsis tshua muaj suab nrov, SPAD photodetector sensor tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua tiav qhov kev nkag siab ntawm qhov tob tob thiab qis-teeb pom kev.

Tsis zoo li ib txwm CMOS duab sensors (CIS) raws li PN junctions, cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm SPAD photodetector yog avalanche diode ua haujlwm hauv Geiger hom. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub cev lub cev, qhov nyuaj ntawm SPAD photodetector yog qhov siab dua li ntawm PN junction li. Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv siab rov qab tsis ncaj ncees lawm, nws muaj feem yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom tsis sib xws, cov teebmeem thermal electron, thiab tunneling tam sim no pab los ntawm lub xeev tsis xws luag. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws ntsib cov teeb meem loj ntawm cov qauv tsim, txheej txheem, thiab Circuit Court architecture theem.

Common Performance Parameters ntawmSPAD avalanche photodetectorsuav nrog Pixel Loj (Pixel Loj), tsaus suav lub suab nrov (DCR), lub teeb pom kev tshwm sim (PDE), Lub Sijhawm Tuag (DeadTime), thiab lub sijhawm teb (Tshem Tawm Sijhawm). Cov kev txwv no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm SPAD avalanche photodetector. Piv txwv li, qhov tsaus ntuj suav tus nqi (DCR) yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas lub suab nrov, thiab SPAD yuav tsum muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees siab tshaj qhov kev puas tsuaj los ua haujlwm ib leeg-photon detector. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub teeb pom kev (PDE) txiav txim siab qhov rhiab heev ntawm SPADLub avalanche photodetectorthiab raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev siv zog thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, DeadTime yog lub sijhawm xav tau rau SPAD kom rov qab mus rau nws lub xeev thawj zaug tom qab tau tshwm sim, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov siab tshaj plaws photon nrhiav tau tus nqi thiab ntau yam.

Hauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm SPAD cov cuab yeej, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb yog qhov kev sib tw loj: piv txwv li, pixel miniaturization ncaj qha ua rau PDE attenuation, thiab qhov concentration ntawm ntug hluav taws xob teb los ntawm qhov loj me me kuj tseem yuav ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv DCR. Txo lub sij hawm tuag yuav ua rau lub suab nrov tom qab impulse thiab deteriorate qhov tseeb ntawm lub sij hawm jitter. Tam sim no, cov kev daws teeb meem tau ua tiav qee qhov kev sib koom tes ua kom zoo dua los ntawm txoj hauv kev xws li DTI / kev tiv thaiv lub voj (txhim kho crosstalk thiab txo DCR), pixel optical optimization, kev taw qhia cov ntaub ntawv tshiab (SiGe avalanche txheej txhim kho cov lus teb infrared), thiab peb-dimensional stacked active quenching circuits.