Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua hauj lwm thiab lub ntsiab homsemiconductor laser
SemiconductorLaser diodes, nrog rau lawv cov high efficiency, miniaturization thiab wavelength ntau haiv neeg, yog dav siv los ua core Cheebtsam ntawm optoelectronic technology hauv teb xws li kev sib txuas lus, kev kho mob thiab kev ua lag luam. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no qhia ntxiv txog cov ntsiab cai ua haujlwm thiab hom semiconductor lasers, uas yooj yim rau kev xaiv siv ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb optoelectronic.
1. Lub teeb-emitting txoj cai ntawm semiconductor lasers
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus luminescence ntawm semiconductor lasers yog ua raws li cov qauv band, kev hloov hluav taws xob thiab kev txhawb nqa tawm ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor. Cov khoom siv semiconductor yog ib hom khoom siv nrog bandgap, uas muaj xws li ib lub valence band thiab ib tug conduction band. Thaum cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub xeev av, electrons sau lub valence band thaum tsis muaj electrons nyob rau hauv lub conduction band. Thaum qee qhov hluav taws xob tau siv rau sab nraud lossis qhov tam sim no raug txhaj tshuaj, qee qhov hluav taws xob yuav hloov los ntawm valence band mus rau qhov conduction band, tsim cov electron-qhov khub. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem ntawm lub zog tso tawm, thaum cov electron-lub qhov khub yog stimulated los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, photons, uas yog, lasers, yuav raug generated.
2. Excitation txoj kev ntawm semiconductor lasers
Muaj peb txoj kev excitation feem ntau rau semiconductor lasers, xws li hluav taws xob txhaj hom, optical twj tso kua mis hom thiab high-zog electron beam excitation hom.
Hluav taws xob txhaj tshuaj semiconductor lasers: Feem ntau, lawv yog semiconductor nto-hluav taws xob diodes ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li gallium arsenide (GaAs), cadmium sulfide (CdS), indium phosphide (InP), thiab zinc sulfide (ZnS). Lawv zoo siab los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no nyob rau pem hauv ntej kev tsis ncaj ncees, ua kom muaj kev txhawb nqa emission nyob rau hauv thaj tsam dav hlau sib txuas.
Optically pumped semiconductor lasers: Feem ntau, N-hom lossis P-hom semiconductor ib leeg muaju (xws li GaAS, InAs, InSb, thiab lwm yam) yog siv los ua cov khoom ua haujlwm, thiablaseremitted los ntawm lwm yam lasers yog siv raws li lub optically pumped excitation.
High-zog electron beam-excited semiconductor lasers: Feem ntau, lawv kuj siv N-hom lossis P-hom semiconductor ib leeg muaju (xws li PbS, CdS, ZhO, thiab lwm yam) ua cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab zoo siab los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sab nraud. Ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor, ib qho uas muaj kev ua tau zoo dua thiab kev siv dav dua yog cov hluav taws xob txhaj GaAs diode laser nrog ob chav heterostructure.
3. Lub ntsiab hom ntawm semiconductor lasers
Lub cheeb tsam Active ntawm ib tug semiconductor laser yog lub hauv paus rau photon tiam thiab amplification, thiab nws thickness tsuas yog ob peb micrometers. Internal waveguide structures yog siv los txwv txoj kev sib kis ntawm photons thiab txhim kho lub zog ntom ntom (xws li ridge waveguides thiab faus heterojunctions). Lub laser siv lub dab dej kub tsim thiab xaiv cov khoom siv thermal conductivity siab (xws li tooj liab-tungsten alloy) rau cov cua kub sai sai, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev ya raws los ntawm overheating. Raws li lawv cov qauv thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios, semiconductor lasers tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub pawg hauv qab no:
Ntug-Emitting Laser (EEL)
Lub laser yog tso tawm los ntawm qhov cleavage nto ntawm sab ntawm lub nti, tsim ib qho chaw elliptical (nrog rau lub divergence lub kaum sab xis ntawm kwv yees li 30 ° × 10 °). Cov wavelengths xws li 808nm (rau kev siv), 980 nm (rau kev sib txuas lus), thiab 1550 nm (rau kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau). Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv high-power industrial txiav, fiber ntau laser siv qhov chaw, thiab kho qhov muag kev sib txuas lus qaum tes hauj lwm.
2. Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL)
Lub laser yog emission perpendicularly rau saum npoo ntawm lub nti, nrog ib tug ncig thiab symmetrical beam (divergence Angle <15 °). Nws koom ua ke ib qho kev faib tawm Bragg reflector (DBR), tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau sab nraud reflector. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv 3D sensing (xws li lub xov tooj ntawm tes lub ntsej muag paub), luv-ntau optical kev sib txuas lus (cov ntaub ntawv chaw), thiab LiDAR.
3. Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL)
Raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm quantum Wells, lub wavelength npog qhov nruab nrab-rau-far-infrared ntau yam (3-30 μm), tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov pej xeem inversion. Photons yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv kev sib tshuam thiab feem ntau siv hauv cov ntawv thov xws li kev ntsuas roj (xws li CO₂ kuaj pom), terahertz duab, thiab kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig.
Lub tunable laser lub sab nraud kab noj hniav tsim (grating / prism / MEMS daim iav) tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov wavelength tuning ntau ntawm ± 50 nm, nrog rau txoj kab nqaim (< 100 kHz) thiab siab sab-hom kev tsis lees paub piv (> 50 dB). Nws yog feem ntau siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov xws li ntom wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) kev sib txuas lus, spectral tsom xam, thiab biomedical imaging. Semiconductor lasers yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus laser li, digital laser cia li, laser ua khoom, laser marking thiab ntim khoom, laser typesetting thiab luam ntawv, laser cov cuab yeej kho mob, laser deb thiab collimation nrhiav kom tau instruments, laser instruments thiab khoom rau kev lom zem thiab kev kawm, laser Cheebtsam thiab qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam. Vim nws txoj kev siv ntau yam, muaj ntau lub npe thiab manufacturers ntawm lasers. Thaum xaiv, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab daim ntawv thov. Cov tuam txhab sib txawv muaj cov ntawv thov sib txawv hauv ntau qhov chaw, thiab kev xaiv cov tuam ntxhab thiab cov lasers yuav tsum tau ua raws li daim ntawv thov tiag tiag ntawm qhov project.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-05-2025