Lub photocoupler yog dab tsi, yuav ua li cas xaiv thiab siv lub photocoupler?

Optocouplers, uas txuas circuits siv optical signals raws li qhov nruab nrab, yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas siab precision yog indispensable, xws li acoustics, tshuaj thiab kev lag luam, vim hais tias lawv cov versatility siab thiab kev cia siab rau, xws li durability thiab rwb thaiv tsev.

Tab sis thaum twg thiab nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej twg lub optocoupler ua haujlwm, thiab dab tsi yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tom qab nws? Los yog thaum koj siv lub photocoupler tiag tiag hauv koj tus kheej cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, koj yuav tsis paub xaiv thiab siv nws li cas. Vim tias optocoupler feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog "phototransistor" thiab "photodiode". Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog photocoupler yuav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm no.
Dab tsi yog photocoupler?

Lub optocoupler yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas nws lub ntsiab lus yog kho qhov muag

coupler, uas txhais tau tias "coupling nrog lub teeb." Qee lub sij hawm tseem hu ua optocoupler, optical isolator, optical rwb thaiv tsev, thiab lwm yam. Nws muaj lub teeb emitting thiab lub teeb tau txais lub caij, thiab txuas cov tswv yim sab hauv Circuit Court thiab tso tawm sab hluav taws xob los ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag. Tsis muaj hluav taws xob sib txuas ntawm cov circuits no, hauv lwm lo lus, nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev sib txuas ntawm Circuit Court ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov zis yog sib cais thiab tsuas yog lub teeb liab kis tau. Kev ruaj ntseg txuas circuits nrog sib txawv input thiab output voltage theem, nrog high voltage rwb thaiv tsev ntawm input thiab output.

Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev xa lossis thaiv qhov teeb liab teeb liab no, nws ua raws li kev hloov. Cov ntsiab lus ntxaws thiab cov txheej txheem yuav raug piav qhia tom qab, tab sis lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm photocoupler yog LED (lub teeb emitting diode).

Los ntawm xyoo 1960 mus txog rau xyoo 1970, thaum cov leds tau tsim thiab lawv cov kev siv thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb,optoelectronicsua boom. Thaum ntawd, ntau yamcov khoom siv kho qhov muagtau tsim, thiab photoelectric coupler yog ib qho ntawm lawv. Tom qab ntawd, optoelectronics sai sai nkag mus rau hauv peb lub neej.

① Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus / tshuab

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm optocoupler yog tias lub teeb-emitting lub teeb hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob nkag mus rau hauv lub teeb, thiab lub teeb tau txais lub teeb xa cov teeb liab rov qab hluav taws xob mus rau qhov hluav taws xob sab nraud. Lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub teeb tau txais lub teeb yog nyob rau sab hauv ntawm qhov thaiv ntawm lub teeb sab nraud, thiab ob qho tib si tawm tsam ib leeg txhawm rau xa lub teeb.

Lub semiconductor siv nyob rau hauv lub teeb-emitting ntsiab yog LED (lub teeb-emitting diode). Ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj ntau hom semiconductors siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv lub teeb pom kev zoo, nyob ntawm qhov chaw siv, sab nraud loj, nqi, thiab lwm yam, tab sis feem ntau, feem ntau siv yog phototransistor.

Thaum tsis ua hauj lwm, phototransistors nqa me ntsis ntawm tam sim no uas zoo tib yam semiconductors ua. Thaum lub teeb teeb meem nyob rau ntawd, lub phototransistor tsim ib tug photoelectromotive quab yuam nyob rau saum npoo ntawm P-hom semiconductor thiab N-hom semiconductor, lub qhov nyob rau hauv N-hom semiconductor ntws mus rau hauv lub p cheeb tsam, lub dawb electron semiconductor nyob rau hauv lub p cheeb tsam ntws. mus rau hauv cheeb tsam n, thiab tam sim no yuav ntws.

Phototransistors tsis teb raws li photodiodes, tab sis lawv kuj muaj cov nyhuv ntawm amplifying cov zis mus rau pua pua mus rau 1,000 lub sij hawm lub input teeb liab (vim lub internal hluav taws xob teb). Yog li ntawd, lawv rhiab txaus los khaws txawm tias tsis muaj zog, uas yog qhov zoo dua.

Qhov tseeb, "lub teeb blocker" peb pom yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov txheej txheem.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub teeb cuam tshuam feem ntau yog siv los ua cov sensors thiab ua lawv lub luag haujlwm los ntawm kev dhau lub teeb thaiv cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm lub teeb-emitting element thiab lub teeb tau txais. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas cov nyiaj npib thiab cov ntawv nyiaj hauv cov khw muag khoom thiab ATMs.

② Nta

Txij li thaum lub optocoupler xa cov teeb liab los ntawm lub teeb, lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm sab input thiab sab tso zis yog ib qho tseem ceeb feature. Kev rwb thaiv tsev siab tsis yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm lub suab nrov, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo tam sim no ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob uas nyob ib sab, uas yog qhov zoo heev ntawm kev nyab xeeb. Thiab tus qauv nws tus kheej yog qhov yooj yim thiab tsim nyog.

Vim nws cov keeb kwm ntev, cov khoom lag luam nplua nuj ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab kuj yog qhov zoo ntawm optocouplers. Vim tias tsis muaj kev sib cuag ntawm lub cev, qhov hnav ntawm qhov chaw me me, thiab lub neej ntev dua. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kuj tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv uas cov luminous efficiency yooj yim hloov pauv, vim tias LED yuav maj mam deteriorate nrog lub sijhawm dhau mus thiab kub hloov pauv.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sab hauv ntawm lub pob tshab yas rau lub sij hawm ntev, ua pos huab, nws tsis tuaj yeem yog lub teeb zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, lub neej ntev dhau los piv rau kev sib cuag ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab kev sib cuag.

Phototransistors feem ntau qeeb dua photodiodes, yog li lawv tsis siv rau kev sib txuas lus ceev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov tsis zoo, vim tias qee cov khoom siv muaj amplification circuits ntawm cov zis sab kom nce ceev. Qhov tseeb, tsis yog txhua qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau nce ceev.

③ Kev siv

Photoelectric couplersfeem ntau yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm hloov. Lub voj voog yuav ua kom muaj zog los ntawm kev tig ntawm qhov hloov, tab sis los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov yam ntxwv saum toj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rwb thaiv tsev thiab lub neej ntev, nws yog qhov zoo rau cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev ntseeg siab. Piv txwv li, suab nrov yog yeeb ncuab ntawm kev kho mob hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv suab / cov khoom siv sib txuas lus.

Nws kuj yog siv rau hauv lub cev muaj zog tsav. Yog vim li cas rau lub cev muaj zog yog tias qhov ceev yog tswj los ntawm lub inverter thaum nws tsav, tab sis nws ua suab nrov vim yog cov zis siab. Lub suab nrov no yuav tsis tsuas yog ua rau lub cev muaj zog nws tus kheej ua tsis tiav, tab sis kuj tseem ntws los ntawm "hauv av" cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv. Tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv nrog cov xaim ntev yog ib qho yooj yim los khaws cov suab nrov no, yog li yog tias nws tshwm sim hauv lub hoobkas, nws yuav ua rau poob zoo thiab qee zaum ua rau muaj xwm txheej loj. Los ntawm kev siv cov optocouplers insulated heev rau kev hloov, qhov cuam tshuam rau lwm cov circuits thiab cov khoom siv tuaj yeem txo qis.

Qhov thib ob, yuav ua li cas xaiv thiab siv optocouplers

Yuav ua li cas siv txoj cai optocoupler rau daim ntawv thov hauv cov khoom tsim? Cov kws tsim kho microcontroller hauv qab no yuav piav qhia yuav ua li cas xaiv thiab siv optocouplers.

① Ib txwm qhib thiab kaw ib txwm

Muaj ob hom photocouplers: ib hom uas lub qhov hluav taws xob tau muab tua (tawm) thaum tsis muaj hluav taws xob siv, ib hom uas lub qhov hluav taws xob tau qhib (tawm) thaum siv hluav taws xob, thiab hom hloov pauv. qhib thaum tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Thov thiab tua thaum siv hluav taws xob.

Tus qub hu ua ib txwm qhib, thiab tom kawg yog hu ua ib txwm kaw. Yuav xaiv li cas, ua ntej nyob ntawm seb hom Circuit Court koj xav tau.

② Tshawb xyuas cov zis tam sim no thiab siv hluav taws xob

Photocouplers muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm amplifying lub teeb liab, tab sis tsis tas yuav dhau los ntawm voltage thiab tam sim no ntawm lub siab nyiam. Tau kawg, nws raug ntsuas, tab sis qhov voltage yuav tsum tau siv los ntawm sab tswv yim raws li qhov xav tau tam sim no.

Yog tias peb saib ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom, peb tuaj yeem pom daim ntawv qhia qhov chaw ntsug axis yog cov zis tam sim no (cov khoom siv tam sim no) thiab kab rov tav axis yog qhov input voltage (collector-emitter voltage). Cov khoom siv tam sim no sib txawv raws li LED lub teeb siv, yog li siv qhov hluav taws xob raws li qhov xav tau tam sim no.

Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum koj yuav xav tias qhov tso zis tam sim no suav ntawm no yog qhov xav tsis thoob me me. Qhov no yog tus nqi tam sim no uas tseem tuaj yeem tso siab tso zis tom qab coj mus rau hauv tus account lub deterioration ntawm LED lub sij hawm, yog li nws yog tsawg tshaj li qhov siab tshaj plaws ntsuas.

Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, muaj cov xwm txheej uas cov zis tam sim no tsis loj. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv lub optocoupler, nco ntsoov ua tib zoo xyuas cov "tso zis tam sim no" thiab xaiv cov khoom uas phim nws.

③ Ntau tshaj tam sim no

Qhov siab tshaj plaws conduction tam sim no yog qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no tus nqi uas lub optocoupler tuaj yeem tiv taus thaum ua. Ntxiv dua thiab, peb yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias peb paub ntau npaum li cas cov zis qhov project xav tau thiab qhov input voltage yog dab tsi ua ntej peb yuav. Xyuas kom tseeb tias tus nqi siab tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom siv tam sim no tsis txwv, tab sis muaj qee qhov npoo.

④ Teeb lub photocoupler kom raug

Tau xaiv txoj cai optocoupler, cia peb siv nws hauv qhov project tiag. Lub installation nws tus kheej yog ib qho yooj yim, tsuas yog txuas cov terminals txuas rau txhua qhov kev tawm sab nraud thiab cov khoom tawm sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau sab nkag thiab tawm sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau xyuas cov cim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv lub rooj, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsis pom tias photoelectric coupler ko taw yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm tom qab kos lub PCB board.